TOPICAL ABSORPTION OF STEROIDS IN DMSO
Enhanced Bioavailability And Tissue Effects Of Steroids Dissolved In Dmso
DMSO makes transdermal steroid absorption close to 100%TOPICAL ABSORPTION OF STEROIDS (FOCUS ON PREGNENOLONE):
http://www.nature.com/jid/journal/v52/n … 19699a.pdf
Investigations on changes in ¹³C/¹²C ratios of endogenous urinary steroids after pregnenolone administration. – PubMed – NCBI
http://journal.scconline.org/pdf/cc1972 … p00521.pdf
„…Skin permeability of the other steroids in the series (progesterone, pregnenolone, hydroxypregnenolone, hydroxyprogesterone, cortexone, testosterone, cortexolone, corticosterone, cortisone, hydro-cortisone and aldosterone) were of an intermediate degree between that of oestrone and hydrocortisone.“BENEFITS OF DHEA:
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– DHEAS may not freely convert to DHEA in men—therefore important to take DHEA sublingually or transdermally (Hammer, 2005) Woman seem to convert DHEAS to DHEA better than men (Legrain, 2000)– Decline in DHEA levels with age associated with atrophy of the zona reticularis in the adrenal gland. (Dharia 2004)– DHEA protects against postmenopausal osteoporosis (Adachi 2006) (Haden 2000) (Osmanagaoglu 2004)– DHEA supplementation improves bone turnover and skin quality in older women (Baulieu 2000), reduces insulin levels and improves cholesterol levels (Lasco 2001)– DHEA supplementation improves mood and memory (Alhaj 2005)– DHEA has anti-cortisol and anti-diabetic effects (Apostolova 2005) (Diamond 1996)
– DHEA supplementation improves ovarian function and pregnancy rates in older women (Barad 2007)– Low DHEAS levels associated with higher mortality and heart disease (Barrett-Conner 1986) (Glei 2006)– Low DHEAS associated with worse atherosclerosis. (Herrington 1995)– DHEA supplementation in men improves endothelial dysfunction, insulin sensitivity, and reduces pro-clotting mechanisms (plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 concentration) (Kawano 2003) DHEA has anti-atherosclerotic effects (Martina 2006)– DHEA reduces LDL (bad) cholesterol, insulin, and glucose levels in men with coronary artery disease. (Rabijewski 2005)– “DHEA is an integral part of LDL and HDL and exerts an anti-oxidative effect on LDL. Since oxidative modifications of LDL enhance their atherogenicity, DHEA could have anti-atherogenic consequences.” (Khalil 2000)– DHEA reduces platelet aggregation (Jesse 1995)– Low DHEA levels correlated with incident ischemic heart disease (Feldman 2001) (Mitchell 1994)

– DHEA supplementation reduces visceral fat—which is one aspect of the metabolic syndrome (Villareal 2004)

– DHEA works to inhibit the atherosclerotic process or thrombus formation. Studies have shown that DHEA can oppose LDL oxidation, plaque formation, cell proliferation, platelet aggregation, and plasminogen activation (see refs.).

– Low DHEAS associated with functional limitations and mortality in older persons (Berr 1996)

– DHEA prevents the biomolecular complications of diabetes (Brignardello 2007)

– In mid-life dysthymia (depression), DHEA works as well as anti-depressants (Bloch, 1999)

– DHEA enhances insulin sensitivity and lowers triglycerides levels (Casson 1995) (Dhatariya 2005)

– DHEA supplementation improves natural killer cells numbers and lowers IL-6 (Casson 1993) (Daynes 1993) (Haden 2000)

– DHEA supplementation reduces IL-10 in lupus patients (Chang 2004)

– DHEA is an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (Andus 2003), and systemic lupus erythematosis (FDA-approved for this disease, see Petri 2004)

– “DHEA is more than a more than a simple „diet supplement“ or „antiaging product“; rather it should be considered an effective hormonal replacement treatment.” (Genazzani 2001)

– Anorexics have low DHEA, supplementation improved bone density and mood scores (Gordon 2002)

– DHEAS levels are lower in autism (Strous, 2005)

– Most patients with CFS had a serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) deficiency. (Kuratsune 1998)

– DHEA supplementation improves sexual function in women (Hackbert 2002) (Johannsson 2002)

– Frail elderly subjects have lower DHEAS and IGF-1 levels than non-frail (Leng 2004)

– DHEA supplementation markedly increased perceived physical and psychological well-being in older men and women. (Morales 1994)

– DHEA prevents induced mammary carcinoma in rats, and increases bone mass.

– No known receptor, no known feedback mechanism—DHEA supplementation does not reduce natural production.

– DHEAS levels are reduced in chronic inflammatory diseases and DHEA should be given to any patient requiring glucocorticoid treatment for these diseases.(Straub 2000)

– Improves fertility in older women (Barad 2007)

– DHEAS levels also affect hematocrit—higher DHEAS give greater rise in hematocrit with altitude (Lee 2006)

– DHEAS levels are low in schizophrenia and supplementation improves the negative symptoms. (Wolkowitz 1997, Strous 2005)

– DHEAS levels are low in depressed patients (Heinz 1999). DHEA improves depression in AIDs patients (Rabkin 2006), and in adults with major depression (Schmidt 2005)

– “DHEA is a highly effective tumor chemopreventive agent in laboratory mice and rats.” (Hastings 1988)

– DHEA restores beta-endorphin levels which can help with pain and modulate the secretion of other hormones. (Stomati 1999)

– Low DHEAS associated with risk of heart disease in post-menopausal women (Sablik

– DHEA administration lowers cortisol levels (Kroboth 2003)

– DHEA should be given to all patients on glucocorticoids to counteract their negative effects (Robinzon 1999)

– In women with hypoactive sexual disorder, low DHEAS, not testosterone, was associated with symptoms. (Basson, 2010)

– Daily intravaginal DHEA administration at DHEA doses of 3.25-13 mg was able to rapidly and efficiently achieve correction of all the signs and symptoms of vaginal atrophy and improve sexual function and caused no or minimal changes in serum sex steroid levels (Labrie, 2009)[/list]

BENEFITS OF PREGNENOLONE:
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http://journal.scconline.org/pdf/cc1967 … p00562.pdf
Activation of Pregnane X Receptor by Pregnenolone 16 α-carbonitrile Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in AKR/J Mice
[Effect of pregnenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile on the activity of the rat thyroid gland and anterior pituitary]. – PubMed – NCBI
The Relationship of Allopregnanolone Immunoreactivity and HPA-Axis Measures to Experimental Pain Sensitivity: Evidence for Ethnic Differences
[Age-related changes in blood concentration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones, their central and peripheral regulators in healthy men]. – PubMed – NCBI
http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2006/3_335.pdf
Pregnenolone sulfate and its enantiomer: differential modulation of memory in a spatial discrimination task using forebrain NMDA receptor deficient… – PubMed – NCBI
Neurosteroids: endogenous role in the human brain and therapeutic potentials. – PubMed – NCBI
Pregnenolone sulfate enhances neurogenesis and PSA-NCAM in young and aged hippocampus. – PubMed – NCBI
Individual differences in cognitive aging: implication of pregnenolone sulfate. – PubMed – NCBI
Role of pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and their sulfate esters on learning and memory in cognitive aging. – PubMed – NCBI
Pregnenolone sulfate and aging of cognitive functions: behavioral, neurochemical, and morphological investigations. – PubMed – NCBI
Pregnenolone reverses the age-dependent accumulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein within astrocytes of specific regions of the rat brain. – PubMed – NCBI
Neurosteroids: deficient cognitive performance in aged rats depends on low pregnenolone sulfate levels in the hippocampus. – PubMed – NCBI
Memory-enhancing effects in male mice of pregnenolone and steroids metabolically derived from it. – PubMed – NCBI